問(wèn)題描述

１．相應(yīng)的環(huán)境：　　ubuntu12.04 ruby 2.4 2.通過(guò)　

bundle install --deployment --without development test postgres aws

安裝gem的時(shí)候報(bào)錯(cuò)：

Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

current directory:/home/git/gitlab/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/json-1.8.1/ext/json/ext/generator/usr/local/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20170122-2448-oz1rn0.rb extconf.rbcreating Makefile

current directory:/home/git/gitlab/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/json-1.8.1/ext/json/ext/generatormake 'DESTDIR=' clean

current directory:/home/git/gitlab/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/json-1.8.1/ext/json/ext/generatormake 'DESTDIR=' compiling generator.c In file included fromgenerator.c:1:0: ../fbuffer/fbuffer.h: In function ’fbuffer_to_s’:../fbuffer/fbuffer.h:175:47: error: macro 'rb_str_new' requires 2arguments, but only 1 given ../fbuffer/fbuffer.h:175:20: warning:initialization makes integer from pointer without a cast [enabled bydefault] generator.c: In function ’generate_json’: generator.c:840:25:error: ’rb_cFixnum’ undeclared (first use in this function)generator.c:840:25: note: each undeclared identifier is reported onlyonce for each function it appears in generator.c:842:25: error:’rb_cBignum’ undeclared (first use in this function) generator.c: Attop level: cc1: warning: unrecognized command line option'-Wno-self-assign' [enabled by default] cc1: warning: unrecognizedcommand line option '-Wno-constant-logical-operand' [enabled bydefault] cc1: warning: unrecognized command line option'-Wno-parentheses-equality' [enabled by default] cc1: warning:unrecognized command line option '-Wno-tautological-compare' [enabledby default] make: * [generator.o] Error 1

make failed, exit code 2

Gem files will remain installed in/home/git/gitlab/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/gems/json-1.8.1 for

Results logged to/home/git/gitlab/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.4.0/extensions/x86-linux/2.4.0-static/json-1.8.1/gem_make.out

An error occurred while installing json (1.8.1), and Bundler cannot

Make sure that gem install json -v ’1.8.1’ succeeds before　bundling.

但是看到Make sure that gem install json -v ’1.8.1’ succeeds before　bundling.

于是我就手動(dòng)安裝了gem install json -v ’1.8.1’ ,依然報(bào)錯(cuò)：

Building native extensions. This could take a while...ERROR: Error installing json: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. current directory: /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.4.0/gems/json-1.8.1/ext/json/ext/generator/usr/local/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20170122-3475-aueo31.rb extconf.rbcreating Makefilecurrent directory: /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.4.0/gems/json-1.8.1/ext/json/ext/generatormake 'DESTDIR=' cleancurrent directory: /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.4.0/gems/json-1.8.1/ext/json/ext/generatormake 'DESTDIR='compiling generator.cIn file included from generator.c:1:0:../fbuffer/fbuffer.h: In function ’fbuffer_to_s’:../fbuffer/fbuffer.h:175:47: error: macro 'rb_str_new' requires 2 arguments, but only 1 given../fbuffer/fbuffer.h:175:20: warning: initialization makes integer from pointer without a cast [enabled by default]generator.c: In function ’generate_json’:generator.c:840:25: error: ’rb_cFixnum’ undeclared (first use in this function)generator.c:840:25: note: each undeclared identifier is reported only once for each function it appears ingenerator.c:842:25: error: ’rb_cBignum’ undeclared (first use in this function)generator.c: At top level:cc1: warning: unrecognized command line option '-Wno-self-assign' [enabled by default]cc1: warning: unrecognized command line option '-Wno-constant-logical-operand' [enabled by default]cc1: warning: unrecognized command line option '-Wno-parentheses-equality' [enabled by default]cc1: warning: unrecognized command line option '-Wno-tautological-compare' [enabled by default]make: *** [generator.o] Error 1make failed, exit code 2Gem files will remain installed in /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.4.0/gems/json-1.8.1 for inspection.Results logged to /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.4.0/extensions/x86-linux/2.4.0-static/json-1.8.1/gem_make.out

本人并不太了解ruby，gem,我只是安裝依賴ruby的軟件時(shí)候遇到的。請(qǐng)哪位大神幫忙看一下，該問(wèn)題應(yīng)該怎么解決？還有講講ruby , gem , ruby-rails,bundle之間的關(guān)系！謝謝！

問(wèn)題解答

json-1.8.1 與 ruby-2.4.0 不兼容，想要順利安裝，可以嘗試一下下面兩個(gè)辦法：

降低 Ruby 的版本。查了一下，1.8.1 已經(jīng)很老了，與 2.2.x 版本不兼容，需要降到 2.1.x 版本。

升級(jí) json 到 1.8.5 版本。執(zhí)行 bundle update json，然后 bundle install。因?yàn)椴恢滥愕?Gemfile 是怎么寫的，無(wú)法確定有沒有明確依賴 1.8.1 版本。所以這個(gè)方法不一定成功。

Ruby 是語(yǔ)言。gem 是一組 Ruby 程序，類似于「包」的概念。RubyGems 是 Ruby 的包管理器，用來(lái)管理和安裝 gems 的。bundle 是用來(lái)管理一個(gè)項(xiàng)目的 gems 的，確保能夠正確地安裝項(xiàng)目依賴，確保能夠運(yùn)行正確的包。