Django認(rèn)證系統(tǒng)user對(duì)象實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程解析
User對(duì)象
User對(duì)象是認(rèn)證系統(tǒng)的核心。它們通常表示與你的站點(diǎn)進(jìn)行交互的用戶(hù),并用于啟用限制訪問(wèn)、注冊(cè)用戶(hù)信息和關(guān)聯(lián)內(nèi)容給創(chuàng)建者等。在Django的認(rèn)證框架中只存在一種類(lèi)型的用戶(hù),因此諸如’superusers’或管理員’staff’用戶(hù)只是具有特殊屬性集的user對(duì)象,而不是不同類(lèi)型的user對(duì)象。
創(chuàng)建users
創(chuàng)建users最直接的方法是使用create_user()輔助函數(shù):
>>> from django.contrib.auth.models import User>>> user = User.objects.create_user(’john’, ’lennon@thebeatles.com’, ’johnpassword’)
from django.contrib.auth.models import Userdef create_user(request): #auth_user # user = User.objects.create_user(’john’, ’lennon@thebeatles.com’, ’johnpassword’) #superuser python manage.py createsuperuser --username=joe --email=joe@example.com u = User.objects.get(username=’john’) u.set_password(’new password’) u.save() return HttpResponse('success-----%s'%u)
創(chuàng)建成功后見(jiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)auth_user表
創(chuàng)建superusers
使用createsuperuser命令創(chuàng)建superusers:
$ python manage.py createsuperuser --username=joe --email=joe@example.com
或者
$ python manage.py createsuperuser
接下來(lái)依次輸入用戶(hù)密碼即可成功后見(jiàn)auth_user表
修改密碼
>>> from django.contrib.auth.models import User>>> u = User.objects.get(username=’john’)>>> u.set_password(’new password’)>>> u.save()
成功后見(jiàn)auth_user表,密碼已經(jīng)改變
認(rèn)證Users
authenticate(**credentials)[source]
認(rèn)證一個(gè)給定用戶(hù)名和密碼,請(qǐng)使用authenticate()。它以關(guān)鍵字參數(shù)形式接收憑證,對(duì)于默認(rèn)的配置它是username和password,如果密碼對(duì)于給定的用戶(hù)名有效它將返回一個(gè)User對(duì)象。如果密碼無(wú)效,authenticate()返回None。例子:
from django.contrib.auth import authenticateuser = authenticate(username=’john’, password=’secret’)if user is not None: # the password verified for the user if user.is_active: print() else: print()else: # the authentication system was unable to verify the username and password print()
def auth(request): user = authenticate(username=’john’, password=’new password’)#john # user = authenticate(username=’john’, password=’johnpassword’)#None print(user) if user is not None: # the password verified for the user if user.is_active: print('驗(yàn)證成功,已激活') else: print('驗(yàn)證成功,未激活') else: # the authentication system was unable to verify the username and password print('沒(méi)有此用戶(hù)') return HttpResponse(user)
john
驗(yàn)證成功,已激活
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